- 8% of variability in academic development lies across institutions.
- The initial African American/white achievement gap widens somewhat during the course of undergraduate study.
- Females make somewhat larger academic gains than males (after controlling for other student-level characteristics).
- The African American/white inequalities in student learning are somewhat smaller at colleges that enroll larger proportions of African Americans.
- This benefit is amplified in institutions that enroll higher-achieving students and reduced in colleges with academically weaker students.
- African American students benefit somewhat more from additional budgetary outlays compared to white students attending the same institution.
- Hispanic and white students gain academic skills at comparable rates.